Tell us what a Search-friendly Site Looks Like?

Pretty basic I know, but I'm looking to find out whether or not the applicant has updated what he or she knows about on-site optimisation. Keyword research, title tags, urls, content, alt tags, site structure, navigation, internal linking, site maps, subdomains are all part of what I'm expecting to hear. However, what I don't what to hear is:

Google can't crawl javaScript
Google can't follow JavaScript links
Keyword density must be X percent
Google can't read Ajax
Meta keywords are very important and should spend time including them
Meta descriptions are not so important